However, the huge increase in internet enabled devices has seen IPv4 run out of addresses. When IPv4 was devised, the range of addresses allowed was deemed to be enough. This method of addressing using four sets of digits is called IPv4. When the first device reconnects it is assigned any free address. When a device disconnects from the network, its address is freed up for another device to use. However, dynamic addressing allows more devices to connect than there are available addresses. Static addressing makes it easy for network managers to know which device is which on a network. This method is known as dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP). A node given a dynamic address has a different address assigned to it each time it connects to the network. A switch on the network knows where the node with this address is and routes the message to it accordingly.Ī node given a static address always keeps the same address. When a node wants to send a message to another node, it uses the recipient node's address as the destination. This address consists of four sets of up to three digits, each with a maximum value of 255, which are separated by dots. When connected to a network each device is given a unique IP address. A protocol is a set of rules that governs transmission of data.
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